Need help with interpreting results for Flow Volume and if the settings are correct?

Hello,

I’m making a fluid heat transfer block/water boiler block. The block goes onto heat source, water gets pumped into it, and aim is to heat up the water.

To increase the surface area there are lots of fins inside, and fluid needs to turn 180, so the fins at the turn are in a radial pattern.


I wanted to simulate the flow to see what it might do, and see if there are any massive dead spots.

My project is here

Or here

I used the “Tutorial: Fluid Flow Through a Non-Return Valve” to help with the set up. I didn’t follow it 100% but I managed to simulate it and got some data.

Some setup things I’m not sure are correct:
Pressure inlet 1: I set this to 800mbar, because that is the max pressure of the pump that will be supplying the water into the block. Not sure if that that was the correct way to set this?

Pressure outlet 2: This was set to 0, but the unit was Pa. Does it matter that the inlet is set to mbar and outlet set to Pa?

Probe point 1: Before running the sim I got a “Simulation setup has warnings” - There are settings defined in the simulation setup which have empty assignments and hence will be ignored for the simulation run. Names of the settings that will be ignored: Probe point 1
Is this a problem? I wasn’t sure how or where to set a Probe point. I read the guide but it wasn’t clear what to do in my situation.

Sim seem to run fine. I made some Cutting planes and Particle traces.
Problems and odd things I’m getting:

  • I had to set the Cutting planes and Particle traces settings very fine to see anything, nothing like the example projects. My block is small, only 120mm x 74mm. Does the size of the model play a factor in the settings? (see image bellow)
  • With the cutting plane I struggled to get the vectors visible, the ones at the higher magnitude seem to become very big quickly, and the lower ones are very small. Have I done something wrong? or is normal?
  • I can’t make it look as nice as all the example I’ve seen. Am I doing something wrong? Or do I just need to use it more and try different settings? (see image bellow)

Interpreting results.

This is the 1st time I’ve use SimScale, I just want to know if these results are semi correct before I start making changes?

Thank you

Hi @aa756e6e9d5541, thanks for posting on the forum and welcome to the SimScale Community :handshake:

Looking at the residuals convergence plots for your run:

It seems like you have an issue with convergence, hence the backflow and the weird behavior. The boundary condition combination you’re going for is very poor in terms of stability (fixedValue + fixedValue Pressure - OpenFoam doc), and this is probably the primary reason why the run is diverging. The best alternative is a velocity inlet + pressure outlet. Is there an option to use this combination instead?

These 3 resources might be useful too:

Cheers
Igor

Hi @igaviano, thank you for your reply.

I can defiantly try velocity inlet + pressure outlet. Like I said, my set up was mostly based on the " Tutorial: Fluid Flow Through a Non-Return Valve" and in that they used Pressure inlet + Pressure outlet.
The pump feeding the block has flow rate of 8L/min. Can I input that like this? Or is it better to use fixed value?

I had a look at my mesh. I think it’s good? There was only one tiny little non-orthogonality.

I never got a Divergence errors or warning, the sims ran fine and didn’t have any errors. Could it still be diverging?

Thank you,

Hi @aa756e6e9d5541

The tutorial actually uses a Total Pressure + Static Pressure, which makes the combination slightly better, even if still not ideal:

Yes, you can insert the flow rate directly, no need to change it to fixed value!

To observe if the simulation is converging, the best way is to set area averages to the inlet/outlet and check the stabilization of the variables of interest.

Is that helpful?

Cheers